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Coding Interview Questions

Review this list of 137 interview questions and answers verified by hiring managers and candidates.
  • 25 answers
    +22

    "The user table no longer exists as expected - I get an error that user does not contain user_id. Note that querying the table results in only user:swuoevkivrjfta select * FROM user `"

    Evan R. - "The user table no longer exists as expected - I get an error that user does not contain user_id. Note that querying the table results in only user:swuoevkivrjfta select * FROM user `"See full answer

    Data Engineer
    Coding
    +3 more
  • 28 answers
    +21

    "SELECT u.user_id, u.user_name, u.email, ROUND(AVG(CASE WHEN b.status = 'Unmatched' THEN 1.0 ELSE 0 END), 2) AS avgunmatchedbookings FROM users u LEFT JOIN bookings b ON u.userid = b.userid GROUP BY u.user_id, u.user_name, u.email; `"

    Akshay D. - "SELECT u.user_id, u.user_name, u.email, ROUND(AVG(CASE WHEN b.status = 'Unmatched' THEN 1.0 ELSE 0 END), 2) AS avgunmatchedbookings FROM users u LEFT JOIN bookings b ON u.userid = b.userid GROUP BY u.user_id, u.user_name, u.email; `"See full answer

    Data Engineer
    Coding
    +3 more
  • 22 answers
    +17

    "--country names are UPPERCASE but the table in the in the question showing lowercase. That's why it took me a while to figure it out until I ran the country column WITH RECURSIVE Hierarchy AS ( SELECT e.Emp_ID, CONCAT(e.FirstName, ' ', e.MiddleName, ' ', e.LastName) AS FullName, e.Manager_ID, 0 AS Level, CASE WHEN e.Country = 'IRELAND' THEN s.Salary * 1.09 WHEN e.Country = 'INDIA' THEN s.Salary * 0.012 ELSE s.Salary "

    Victor N. - "--country names are UPPERCASE but the table in the in the question showing lowercase. That's why it took me a while to figure it out until I ran the country column WITH RECURSIVE Hierarchy AS ( SELECT e.Emp_ID, CONCAT(e.FirstName, ' ', e.MiddleName, ' ', e.LastName) AS FullName, e.Manager_ID, 0 AS Level, CASE WHEN e.Country = 'IRELAND' THEN s.Salary * 1.09 WHEN e.Country = 'INDIA' THEN s.Salary * 0.012 ELSE s.Salary "See full answer

    Data Engineer
    Coding
    +3 more
  • Adobe logoAsked at Adobe 
    68 answers
    Video answer for 'Move all zeros to the end of an array.'
    +63

    "Initialize left pointer: Set a left pointer left to 0. Iterate through the array: Iterate through the array from left to right. If the current element is not 0, swap it with the element at the left pointer and increment left. Time complexity: O(n). The loop iterates through the entire array once, making it linear time. Space complexity: O(1). The algorithm operates in-place, modifying the input array directly without using additional data structures. "

    Avon T. - "Initialize left pointer: Set a left pointer left to 0. Iterate through the array: Iterate through the array from left to right. If the current element is not 0, swap it with the element at the left pointer and increment left. Time complexity: O(n). The loop iterates through the entire array once, making it linear time. Space complexity: O(1). The algorithm operates in-place, modifying the input array directly without using additional data structures. "See full answer

    Machine Learning Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +4 more
  • Amazon logoAsked at Amazon 
    9 answers
    +6

    "DFS with check of an already seen node in the graph would work from collections import deque, defaultdict from typing import List def iscourseloopdfs(idcourse: int, graph: defaultdict[list]) -> bool: stack = deque([(id_course)]) seen_courses = set() while stack: print(stack) curr_course = stack.pop() if currcourse in seencourses: return True seencourses.add(currcourse) for dependency in graph[curr_course]: "

    Gabriele G. - "DFS with check of an already seen node in the graph would work from collections import deque, defaultdict from typing import List def iscourseloopdfs(idcourse: int, graph: defaultdict[list]) -> bool: stack = deque([(id_course)]) seen_courses = set() while stack: print(stack) curr_course = stack.pop() if currcourse in seencourses: return True seencourses.add(currcourse) for dependency in graph[curr_course]: "See full answer

    Software Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +4 more
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  • Adobe logoAsked at Adobe 
    19 answers
    Video answer for 'Given stock prices for the next n days, how can you maximize your profit by buying or selling one share per day?'
    +14

    "public static int maxProfitGreedy(int[] stockPrices) { int maxProfit = 0; for(int i = 1; i todayPrice) { maxProfit += tomorrowPrice - todayPrice; } } return maxProfit; } "

    Laksitha R. - "public static int maxProfitGreedy(int[] stockPrices) { int maxProfit = 0; for(int i = 1; i todayPrice) { maxProfit += tomorrowPrice - todayPrice; } } return maxProfit; } "See full answer

    Software Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +4 more
  • Amazon logoAsked at Amazon 
    33 answers
    +25

    " import java.util.*; public class MostCommonWords { public static String mostCommonWords(String text) { // your code goes here Map map = new HashMap(); for(String s : text.replaceAll("[\\p{Punct}]", "").toLowerCase().split(" ")) { if(!s.isEmpty()) { map.merge(s, 1, Integer::sum); } } return map.entrySet().stream().sorted( (e1, e2) -> { "

    Basil A. - " import java.util.*; public class MostCommonWords { public static String mostCommonWords(String text) { // your code goes here Map map = new HashMap(); for(String s : text.replaceAll("[\\p{Punct}]", "").toLowerCase().split(" ")) { if(!s.isEmpty()) { map.merge(s, 1, Integer::sum); } } return map.entrySet().stream().sorted( (e1, e2) -> { "See full answer

    Security Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +1 more
  • Adobe logoAsked at Adobe 
    66 answers
    Video answer for 'Product of Array Except Self'
    +60

    "If 0's aren't a concern, couldn't we just multiply all numbers. and then divide product by each number in the list ? if there's more than one zero, then we just return an array of 0s if there's one zero, then we just replace 0 with product and rest 0s. what am i missing?"

    Sachin R. - "If 0's aren't a concern, couldn't we just multiply all numbers. and then divide product by each number in the list ? if there's more than one zero, then we just return an array of 0s if there's one zero, then we just replace 0 with product and rest 0s. what am i missing?"See full answer

    Software Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +3 more
  • 17 answers
    +14

    "Required output in the solution not the one requested from the question. only customerid, firstname, last_name and years were required. Please this needs to be very clear. Otherwise my answer is with totalorderyear as ( SELECT o.customer_id, c.first_name, c.last_name, EXTRACT(YEAR FROM o.orderdate) AS orderyear, COUNT(o.orderid) AS totalorders FROM orders o LEFT JOIN customers c ON c.customerid = o.customerid GROUP BY o.customerid, c.firstname, c.last"

    Gloriose H. - "Required output in the solution not the one requested from the question. only customerid, firstname, last_name and years were required. Please this needs to be very clear. Otherwise my answer is with totalorderyear as ( SELECT o.customer_id, c.first_name, c.last_name, EXTRACT(YEAR FROM o.orderdate) AS orderyear, COUNT(o.orderid) AS totalorders FROM orders o LEFT JOIN customers c ON c.customerid = o.customerid GROUP BY o.customerid, c.firstname, c.last"See full answer

    Coding
    SQL
  • 28 answers
    +25

    "select name, stock from products p left join transactions t on p.id = t.product_id order by date desc limit 1"

    Daniel C. - "select name, stock from products p left join transactions t on p.id = t.product_id order by date desc limit 1"See full answer

    Data Engineer
    Coding
    +3 more
  • 19 answers
    Video answer for 'E-commerce (1 of 5)'
    +16

    "SELECT SUM(orderquantity) AS totalunitsorderedyesterday FROM orders WHERE order_date = DATE('now', '-1 DAY') `"

    Akshay D. - "SELECT SUM(orderquantity) AS totalunitsorderedyesterday FROM orders WHERE order_date = DATE('now', '-1 DAY') `"See full answer

    Coding
    SQL
  • Adobe logoAsked at Adobe 
    34 answers
    +30

    "In python def find_duplicates(arr1: List[int], arr2: List[int]) -> List[int]: result = list(set(arr1) & set(arr2)) return result "

    Sammy R. - "In python def find_duplicates(arr1: List[int], arr2: List[int]) -> List[int]: result = list(set(arr1) & set(arr2)) return result "See full answer

    Data Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +2 more
  • Google logoAsked at Google 
    7 answers
    Video answer for 'Write functions to serialize and deserialize a list of strings.'
    +4

    "Maybe we can use this solution: 1, connect all the strings together, and add an integer value ahead each string. 2, use Huffmans algorithm to encode the step 1 result, to make the result size smaller. 3, return the root of Huffmans tree. This solution man be slower than the common serialize method, but it can save a lot of memory, I think, at lease doing serialize is mainly for tranfering data or storing data."

    Jordan Z. - "Maybe we can use this solution: 1, connect all the strings together, and add an integer value ahead each string. 2, use Huffmans algorithm to encode the step 1 result, to make the result size smaller. 3, return the root of Huffmans tree. This solution man be slower than the common serialize method, but it can save a lot of memory, I think, at lease doing serialize is mainly for tranfering data or storing data."See full answer

    Software Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +1 more
  • Amazon logoAsked at Amazon 
    13 answers
    +10

    "Without using a recursive approach, one can perform a post-order traversal by removing the parent nodes from the stack only if children were visited: def diameterOfTree(root): if root is None: return 0 diameter = 0 stack = deque([[root, False]]) # (node, visited) node_heights = {} while stack: curr_node, visited = stack[-1] if visited: heightleft = nodeheights.get(curr_node.left, 0) heightright = nodehe"

    Gabriele G. - "Without using a recursive approach, one can perform a post-order traversal by removing the parent nodes from the stack only if children were visited: def diameterOfTree(root): if root is None: return 0 diameter = 0 stack = deque([[root, False]]) # (node, visited) node_heights = {} while stack: curr_node, visited = stack[-1] if visited: heightleft = nodeheights.get(curr_node.left, 0) heightright = nodehe"See full answer

    Software Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +2 more
  • Adobe logoAsked at Adobe 
    15 answers
    +10

    " function climbStairs(n) { // 4 iterations of Dynamic Programming solutions: // Step 1: Recursive: // if (n <= 2) return n // return climbStairs(n-1) + climbStairs(n-2) // Step 2: Top-down Memoization // const memo = {0:0, 1:1, 2:2} // function f(x) { // if (x in memo) return memo[x] // memo[x] = f(x-1) + f(x-2) // return memo[x] // } // return f(n) // Step 3: Bottom-up Tabulation // const tab = [0,1,2] // f"

    Matthew K. - " function climbStairs(n) { // 4 iterations of Dynamic Programming solutions: // Step 1: Recursive: // if (n <= 2) return n // return climbStairs(n-1) + climbStairs(n-2) // Step 2: Top-down Memoization // const memo = {0:0, 1:1, 2:2} // function f(x) { // if (x in memo) return memo[x] // memo[x] = f(x-1) + f(x-2) // return memo[x] // } // return f(n) // Step 3: Bottom-up Tabulation // const tab = [0,1,2] // f"See full answer

    Software Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +3 more
  • Google logoAsked at Google 
    27 answers
    +23

    "def friend_distance(friends, userA, userB): step = 0 total_neighs = set() llen = len(total_neighs) total_neighs.add(userB) while len(total_neighs)!=llen: s = set() step += 1 llen = len(total_neighs) for el in total_neighs: nes = neighbours(friends, userA, el) if userA in nes: return step for p in nes: s.add(p) for el in s: total_neighs.add(el) return -1 def neighbours(A,n1, n2): out = set() for i in range(len(A[n2])): if An2: out.add(i) return out"

    Batman X. - "def friend_distance(friends, userA, userB): step = 0 total_neighs = set() llen = len(total_neighs) total_neighs.add(userB) while len(total_neighs)!=llen: s = set() step += 1 llen = len(total_neighs) for el in total_neighs: nes = neighbours(friends, userA, el) if userA in nes: return step for p in nes: s.add(p) for el in s: total_neighs.add(el) return -1 def neighbours(A,n1, n2): out = set() for i in range(len(A[n2])): if An2: out.add(i) return out"See full answer

    Software Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +1 more
  • 14 answers
    +11

    "In the question it says: "above the overall average total posts", which to me implying a >, yet in the solution it uses >= Caused me 1 hr to find out. plz fix"

    Peter W. - "In the question it says: "above the overall average total posts", which to me implying a >, yet in the solution it uses >= Caused me 1 hr to find out. plz fix"See full answer

    Data Engineer
    Coding
    +3 more
  • Amazon logoAsked at Amazon 
    14 answers
    Video answer for 'Implement a k-nearest neighbors algorithm.'
    +10

    "Even more faster and vectorized version, using np.linalg.norm - to avoid loop and np.argpartition to select lowest k. We dont need to sort whole array - we need to be sure that first k elements are lower than the rest. import numpy as np def knn(Xtrain, ytrain, X_new, k): distances = np.linalg.norm(Xtrain - Xnew, axis=1) k_indices = np.argpartition(distances, k)[:k] # O(N) selection instead of O(N log N) sort return int(np.sum(ytrain[kindices]) > k / 2.0) `"

    Dinar M. - "Even more faster and vectorized version, using np.linalg.norm - to avoid loop and np.argpartition to select lowest k. We dont need to sort whole array - we need to be sure that first k elements are lower than the rest. import numpy as np def knn(Xtrain, ytrain, X_new, k): distances = np.linalg.norm(Xtrain - Xnew, axis=1) k_indices = np.argpartition(distances, k)[:k] # O(N) selection instead of O(N log N) sort return int(np.sum(ytrain[kindices]) > k / 2.0) `"See full answer

    Machine Learning Engineer
    Coding
    +2 more
  • Google logoAsked at Google 
    27 answers
    +24

    "with cte as (select ts.employee_id, e.name, t.id as test_id, max(distinct ts.score) as total from test_results as ts join tests as t on ts.test_id = t.id join employees as e on ts.employee_id = e.id group by ts.employee_id, e.name, t.id) select employee_id, name as employee_name, sum(total) as total_score from cte group by employee_id, employee_name order by total_score desc, employee_id asc ;"

    Christian B. - "with cte as (select ts.employee_id, e.name, t.id as test_id, max(distinct ts.score) as total from test_results as ts join tests as t on ts.test_id = t.id join employees as e on ts.employee_id = e.id group by ts.employee_id, e.name, t.id) select employee_id, name as employee_name, sum(total) as total_score from cte group by employee_id, employee_name order by total_score desc, employee_id asc ;"See full answer

    Data Scientist
    Coding
    +3 more
  • Adobe logoAsked at Adobe 
    53 answers
    +49

    " from typing import List def two_sum(nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[int]: """ Iterate the list Create a hashmap for tracking seen complements For each element: Check if target - current was seen If so, return the index of the current and the index of the complement If not, add the current number in the hashmap as key, and the index of the current number as value. Return an empty array if the loop e"

    Jorge G. - " from typing import List def two_sum(nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[int]: """ Iterate the list Create a hashmap for tracking seen complements For each element: Check if target - current was seen If so, return the index of the current and the index of the complement If not, add the current number in the hashmap as key, and the index of the current number as value. Return an empty array if the loop e"See full answer

    Software Engineer
    Data Structures & Algorithms
    +5 more
Showing 21-40 of 137