"Situation: Our company was going through tech stack updated and our team tasked to migrate existing code into Typescript(TS) and all future development to be written with TS within our codebase.
TASK: Migrate existing codebase to TS and future integration to be TS compatible.
ACTION: The team deep dived into picking up TS skill and learnt some basics and focused on delivering the migration in phases. I prioritised the files to migrate based on levels of complexity. I created a Fil"
Shashank K. - "Situation: Our company was going through tech stack updated and our team tasked to migrate existing code into Typescript(TS) and all future development to be written with TS within our codebase.
TASK: Migrate existing codebase to TS and future integration to be TS compatible.
ACTION: The team deep dived into picking up TS skill and learnt some basics and focused on delivering the migration in phases. I prioritised the files to migrate based on levels of complexity. I created a Fil"See full answer
"Cloud computing is like going out to a restaurant instead of cooking dinner at home.
When you cook at home, you have to do everything yourself. You need to use your own plates, pots, and pans. You have to know how many people are coming over and buy the right amount of ingredients. If more people join for dinner than you expected, you'll run out of food! But if fewer people show up, then you'll have leftovers that go to waste. And on top of it all, you have to do all the cooking, set up, and cl"
Jacob S. - "Cloud computing is like going out to a restaurant instead of cooking dinner at home.
When you cook at home, you have to do everything yourself. You need to use your own plates, pots, and pans. You have to know how many people are coming over and buy the right amount of ingredients. If more people join for dinner than you expected, you'll run out of food! But if fewer people show up, then you'll have leftovers that go to waste. And on top of it all, you have to do all the cooking, set up, and cl"See full answer
"This was a 60 minute assessment. The clock is ticking and you're being observed by a senior+ level engineer. Be ready to perform for an audience.
The implementation for the system gets broken up into three parts:
Implement creating accounts and depositing money into an account by ID
Implement transferring money with validation to ensure the accounts for the transfer both exist and that the account money is being removed from has enough money in it to perform the transfer
Implement find"
devopsjesus - "This was a 60 minute assessment. The clock is ticking and you're being observed by a senior+ level engineer. Be ready to perform for an audience.
The implementation for the system gets broken up into three parts:
Implement creating accounts and depositing money into an account by ID
Implement transferring money with validation to ensure the accounts for the transfer both exist and that the account money is being removed from has enough money in it to perform the transfer
Implement find"See full answer
"First, I want to get a better sense of what is a DAU. What is considered “Active”? User sending message, reading message, opening app?
All of the them, any activity within the Messenger App
Second, it’s important to know the context of the change. What timeframe was this over?
Let’s assume this was over the past 30 days.
Ok, a follow up to this would be to check if this is a seasonal pattern? For example, there could be a correlation to Messenger usage and school starting.
**This"
Michael A. - "First, I want to get a better sense of what is a DAU. What is considered “Active”? User sending message, reading message, opening app?
All of the them, any activity within the Messenger App
Second, it’s important to know the context of the change. What timeframe was this over?
Let’s assume this was over the past 30 days.
Ok, a follow up to this would be to check if this is a seasonal pattern? For example, there could be a correlation to Messenger usage and school starting.
**This"See full answer
"I watched a couple of videos like this, one of them by Exponent staff (I think). It was disappointing that the architecture diagram and the walkthrough was a general layered architecture that you can apply to any backend system. I was wondering if there are videos that can be considered a reference material to watch, learn and improve on the tech (sys design) skills, and not so much about the soft skills."
BriskD - "I watched a couple of videos like this, one of them by Exponent staff (I think). It was disappointing that the architecture diagram and the walkthrough was a general layered architecture that you can apply to any backend system. I was wondering if there are videos that can be considered a reference material to watch, learn and improve on the tech (sys design) skills, and not so much about the soft skills."See full answer
Product Manager
System Design
🧠 Want an expert answer to a question? Saving questions lets us know what content to make next.
"I recently led the development and implementation of a data analytics platform tailored for credit unions and mortgage companies, which was suffering from fragmented systems, inconsistent data fields across LOS platforms, and outdated reporting practices. Here's how I managed the full lifecycle:
✅ Initiation / Discovery
Conducted executive interviews across five financial institutions to understand reporting and visibility gaps.
Shadowed loan officers and underwriters"
Simran S. - "I recently led the development and implementation of a data analytics platform tailored for credit unions and mortgage companies, which was suffering from fragmented systems, inconsistent data fields across LOS platforms, and outdated reporting practices. Here's how I managed the full lifecycle:
✅ Initiation / Discovery
Conducted executive interviews across five financial institutions to understand reporting and visibility gaps.
Shadowed loan officers and underwriters"See full answer
"How would you monetize messenger?
Clarifying Questions
Is this messenger app or web?
INTERVIEWER: Assume both are a possibility, but feel free to pick one
Is there a larger facebook goal or metric we are optimizing for?
INTERVIEWER: Monetization speaks to revenue so assume goal is to increase revenue for Facebook as a whole
Does this include messenger Rooms or should we stick to the traditional FB messenger?
INTERVIEWER: _Messenger rooms is a great call out, but let's stick"
Jay C. - "How would you monetize messenger?
Clarifying Questions
Is this messenger app or web?
INTERVIEWER: Assume both are a possibility, but feel free to pick one
Is there a larger facebook goal or metric we are optimizing for?
INTERVIEWER: Monetization speaks to revenue so assume goal is to increase revenue for Facebook as a whole
Does this include messenger Rooms or should we stick to the traditional FB messenger?
INTERVIEWER: _Messenger rooms is a great call out, but let's stick"See full answer
"Assuming this is meant to be a standalone product. Its a standalone app.
Goal: Simplify the shopping experience in store for a user.
Success would be defined in terms of app usage as a proxy for user satisfaction.
I want to think about the a given user segment, their pain points, ways to improve their pain and a way to evaluate those solutions.
Broadly user personas associated with grocery shopping are - stores and customers.
For the purpose of this interview I want to focus on customer se"
P K. - "Assuming this is meant to be a standalone product. Its a standalone app.
Goal: Simplify the shopping experience in store for a user.
Success would be defined in terms of app usage as a proxy for user satisfaction.
I want to think about the a given user segment, their pain points, ways to improve their pain and a way to evaluate those solutions.
Broadly user personas associated with grocery shopping are - stores and customers.
For the purpose of this interview I want to focus on customer se"See full answer
"Clarify:
What is a transaction in Instagram Shops? Users click on an item and complete the payment in the Instagram Shops interface
How many transactions happen in Instagram shop per day/month?
What percentage of users have completed at least 1 transaction on Instagram Shops in the last year?
Key Metric to improve: # Users completing a transaction
Goals of the Product / Feature:
Meta’s goal is to build community and connect people together
Instagram’s goal is to connect and"
Nikitha G. - "Clarify:
What is a transaction in Instagram Shops? Users click on an item and complete the payment in the Instagram Shops interface
How many transactions happen in Instagram shop per day/month?
What percentage of users have completed at least 1 transaction on Instagram Shops in the last year?
Key Metric to improve: # Users completing a transaction
Goals of the Product / Feature:
Meta’s goal is to build community and connect people together
Instagram’s goal is to connect and"See full answer
"Clarifying Questions
Are we building feature for YouTube Music/YouTube Video? -> YT Video has higher scope of user engagement so YT Video.
YT Video has 2 forms of video content, are we focusing on long form, short form or am I free to chose ? -> YT Shorts and short videos have taken off lately so focus on it.
Do we have a specific business goal with regards to building this feature ? -> We want to improve engagement.
Do we want to build this feature for a specific kind of audience or"
Mehul K. - "Clarifying Questions
Are we building feature for YouTube Music/YouTube Video? -> YT Video has higher scope of user engagement so YT Video.
YT Video has 2 forms of video content, are we focusing on long form, short form or am I free to chose ? -> YT Shorts and short videos have taken off lately so focus on it.
Do we have a specific business goal with regards to building this feature ? -> We want to improve engagement.
Do we want to build this feature for a specific kind of audience or"See full answer
"1. Step 1: clarify
Let's establish the mission of Google and Youtube. Google's is to provide and make information more accessible. Youtube's might be to help people get their content, their word and themselves out into the world. I mean so many of Youtube's ads have been about how the diversity of individuals and their content, so that makes sense.
Let's establish what is Youtube. Youtube has 3 primary stakeholders - creators, viewers and brands/corporations and within them"
Karthik M. - "1. Step 1: clarify
Let's establish the mission of Google and Youtube. Google's is to provide and make information more accessible. Youtube's might be to help people get their content, their word and themselves out into the world. I mean so many of Youtube's ads have been about how the diversity of individuals and their content, so that makes sense.
Let's establish what is Youtube. Youtube has 3 primary stakeholders - creators, viewers and brands/corporations and within them"See full answer
"I follow a variation of the RICE framework when prioritizing how I ship product features. I start by looking at:
Reach: Because the customer segmentation across our product portfolio is so similar, I tend to hold a lot of weight on product features that will maximize our customer reach with a minimal LOE.
Impact: After establishing which customer segments will benefit from the product feature, I determine the urgency and estimated impact on each customer segment based on customer i"
Ashley C. - "I follow a variation of the RICE framework when prioritizing how I ship product features. I start by looking at:
Reach: Because the customer segmentation across our product portfolio is so similar, I tend to hold a lot of weight on product features that will maximize our customer reach with a minimal LOE.
Impact: After establishing which customer segments will benefit from the product feature, I determine the urgency and estimated impact on each customer segment based on customer i"See full answer
"2 Approaches:
1) The more intuitive approach is doing a multi-source BFS from all cats and storing the distance of closest cats. Then do a dfs/bfs from rat to bread.
Time Complexity: O(mn + 4^L) where L is path length, worst case L could be mn
Space Complexity: O(m*n)
2) The first approach should be fine for interviews. But if they ask to optimize it further, you can use Binary Search. Problems like "Finding max of min distance" or "Finding min of max" could be usually solved by BS.
"
Karan K. - "2 Approaches:
1) The more intuitive approach is doing a multi-source BFS from all cats and storing the distance of closest cats. Then do a dfs/bfs from rat to bread.
Time Complexity: O(mn + 4^L) where L is path length, worst case L could be mn
Space Complexity: O(m*n)
2) The first approach should be fine for interviews. But if they ask to optimize it further, you can use Binary Search. Problems like "Finding max of min distance" or "Finding min of max" could be usually solved by BS.
"See full answer
"Clarifying Questions:
Assume US Audience or Worldwide?
US Only
Assume short form content or long form content ?
Assume all
Premium or Ads Support ?
All
Solution:
US Population 300M
Will remove 70 ages as not relevant audience or not have access to YouTube = 60m
Leaving 240M.
Adoption of YouTube with remaining Population = 60% (including overlap and exclusion with other services e.g. Netflix)
Total Audience that watches YouTube daily = 144m (about half of US Populat"
Sumeet R. - "Clarifying Questions:
Assume US Audience or Worldwide?
US Only
Assume short form content or long form content ?
Assume all
Premium or Ads Support ?
All
Solution:
US Population 300M
Will remove 70 ages as not relevant audience or not have access to YouTube = 60m
Leaving 240M.
Adoption of YouTube with remaining Population = 60% (including overlap and exclusion with other services e.g. Netflix)
Total Audience that watches YouTube daily = 144m (about half of US Populat"See full answer
"The interviewer was interested how the system design would be for files, directories, symbolic links.
After proposing my idea, I was asked to print all files for a given path."
B. T. - "The interviewer was interested how the system design would be for files, directories, symbolic links.
After proposing my idea, I was asked to print all files for a given path."See full answer